Jan 7, 2004-2004
Haiti
Anti-Aristide General Strike
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ACTIVISTS/ACT.GROUPS/DESCRIPTION OF THE GROUP
Oppositon Alliance
TARGET
President Jean Aristide
WIDELY HELD BELIEF
Democratic values should be upheld by the government.
CASE NARRATIVE
Issue and Opponent: President Aristide’s authoritarianism resulted in public dissatisfaction. Rival parties accused Aristide and his followers of rigging legislative elections to give his party absolute control of the parliament. Thus, the opposition alliance launched a 2-day strike in an attempt to force President Jean Bertrand Aristide to resign and to show popular disenchantment.
Dilemma Action: The economy was crippled by strikes, leaving as much as 80% of the workforce idle. Teachers, doctors, lawyers, and judges stopped working to protest the government’s repression of political opponents. The strike follows violent clashes with police and pro-Aristide gangs. The violent repression of the protesters reflects negatively on Aristide and leads to the movement growing in size. “Aristide can’t claim to be building democracy when he beats us up for speaking our minds,” said Charles Henri Baker, a businessman and opposition leader.
Outcome: The strike effectively paralyzed the country and put a hold on the economy. President Jean Bertrand Aristide was later ousted in the 2004 coup d’état after right-wing ex-army paramilitaries invaded the country from across the Dominican border.
PRIMARY STRUGGLE/GOAL
NONVIOLENT TACTICS USED
DA TACTICS USED
General strike
CASE NARRATIVE WRITER
SUCCESS METRICS
9 / 12
(CONC) Concessions were made
(MC) Media Coverage
(MSYMP) Media coverage was sympathetic to the activists
(OR) Opponent response
(PS) Dilemma action built sympathy with the public
(PUN) Punishment favored the activists
(REFR) Dilemma action reframed the narrative of the opponent
(RF) Dilemma action reduced fear and/or apathy among the activists
(SA) Dilemma action appealed to a broad segment of the public
PART OF A LARGER CAMPAIGN
3 / 3
Activist group continued working together after the action
Encouraged more participants to join the movement
Internally replicated by the same movement
RESOURCES
Project documentation
Dilemma Actions Coding Guidebook
Case study documentation
Dilemma_Actions_Analysis_Dataset
SOURCES
Williams, Carol. 2004. “Strikes Aim to Put Pressure on Aristide,” Los Angeles Times. Retrieved July 22, 2023. (https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2004-jan-06-fg-haiti6-story.html).
Al Jazeera. 2004. “Haitians begin protest strike,” Retrieved July 22, 2023. (https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2004/1/9/haitians-begin-protest-strike).
Dufour, Richard. 2004. “Haiti: Aristide regime shaken by mass protests,” World Socialist Web Site.Retrieved July 22, 2023. (https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2004/02/hait-f06.html).
Younge, Gary & Bowcott, Owen. “Haiti opposition calls for strike as street violence escalates,” The Guardian. Retrieved July 22, 2023. (https://www.theguardian.com/world/2004/jan/09/garyyounge.owenbowcott).
CNN. 2004. “Six shot in Haiti protest,” January 18. Retrieved July 22, 2023. (
http://www.cnn.com/2004/WORLD/americas/01/18/haiti.protest.reut/).
Hadden, Gerry. 2004. “Haiti’s Anti-Aristide Protests Spread,” NPR, January 28. Retrieved July 22, 2023. (https://www.npr.org/2004/01/28/1622853/haitis-anti-aristide-protests-spread).
The Week Staff. 2015. “The rise and fall of Aristide,” The Week. Retrieved July 22, 2023. (https://theweek.com/articles/528753/rise-fall-aristide).
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