Nov 1, 2014-2014
India
Kiss of Love Kerala Protest
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ACTIVISTS/ACT.GROUPS/DESCRIPTION OF THE GROUP
Students from different universities
TARGET
Right-wing political parties such as RSS and Shiv Sena and their affiliaed regional groups
WIDELY HELD BELIEF
Kissing in public should be constitutionally protected under freedom of speech and expression in India.
CASE NARRATIVE
Issue and Opponent: Expressions of sexuality and public display of affection are strongly opposed by the right-wing political parties in India such as RSS. Their opposition is based on their conservative interpretation of Hinduism. The right-wing parties have cracked down on young couples peacefully displaying their affection for each other in public places. The ban on kissing in public is an extension of that. The conservative mobsters entered a Kerala cafe frequented by young people and destroyed it in the name of preserving morality. The kissing ban and moral policing proved excessive to the public and groups of young people started opposing right-wing restrictions in different parts of India. The dilemma action described here was performed in Kochi, Kerala.
Dilemma Action: Groups of young people gathered in public places and kissed each other in direct defiance of the right-wing threat of punitive actions against people who dared to show public display of affection. Labeled the ‘Kiss of Love’, the action became popular on Facebook and other social media platforms. This was one of the many “Kiss of Love” dilemma actions performed in different big cities in India.
Outcome: The action performed in Kochi spread to other cities in India and was made further popular by supporters writing about it on social media. However, the right-wing rhetoric did not change. The RSS party leaders did not change their stance on the matter but clarified that they were against kissing in public only. They emphasized that the party had nothing against couples sitting in public and displaying affection by any other means. The RSS further added that they wanted to ban kissing in public places because it was the same as taking off clothes and standing naked in public, as reported by the Times of India.
PRIMARY STRUGGLE/GOAL
NONVIOLENT TACTICS USED
DA TACTICS USED
Civil disobedience of “illegitimate” laws
CASE NARRATIVE WRITER
SUCCESS METRICS
9 / 12
(CONC) Concessions were made
(MC) Media Coverage
(MSYMP) Media coverage was sympathetic to the activists
(OR) Opponent response
(PS) Dilemma action built sympathy with the public
(PUN) Punishment favored the activists
(REFR) Dilemma action reframed the narrative of the opponent
(RF) Dilemma action reduced fear and/or apathy among the activists
(SA) Dilemma action appealed to a broad segment of the public
PART OF A LARGER CAMPAIGN
0 / 3
RESOURCES
Project documentation
Dilemma Actions Coding Guidebook
Case study documentation
Dilemma_Actions_Analysis_Dataset
SOURCES
Times of India. 2014. “The ‘Kiss of Love’ campaign,” Retrieved July 23, 2023. (https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/the-kiss-of-love-campaign/photostory/45108971.cms).
Hafeez, Sarah. 2014. “Kiss of love campaign: They lock horns over locking lips,” Indian Express. Retrieved July 23, 2023. (https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/delhi/they-lock-horns-over-locking-lips/).
Pillai, M. T. 2014. “Disciplining the intimate: The Kerala model,” Economic and Political Weekly. Retrieved July 23, 2023.
Sreekumar, T. T. 2021. “Urban upheavals as practices of new sexual ethics:“Kiss of Love” movement in India,” Journal of International and Intercultural Communication. Retrieved July 23, 2023.
Kurup Miss, S. K. 2021. “Kiss of Love Campaign: Contesting Public Morality to Counter Collective Violence,” Peace and Conflict Studies. Retrieved July 23, 2023.
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