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Oct 2, 1990-1990

Ukraine

Student Union Protests

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ACTIVISTS/ACT.GROUPS/DESCRIPTION OF THE GROUP

L'viv's Student Brotherhood, Kiev's Ukranian Students Union

TARGET

Prime Minister Masol, government of Ukraine, Soviet Union

WIDELY HELD BELIEF

Government must come into power through free, fair, and multi-party elections. Dictatorial governments must step down.

CASE NARRATIVE

Issue and Opponent: The issue at hand was the continued control of Ukraine by the Ukrainian SSR, part of the Soviet Union. The student union was unhappy with the election results that gave the Communist Party 331 seats and the Democratic Bloc only 11. Students believed the election results were falsified.
Dilemma Action: Students demonstrated in Kyiv, calling for the resignation of the Prime Minister and the implementation of a multi-party system. It also called for the end of the Union Treaty with the Soviet Union and the demand that military service be restricted to Ukraine. Students erected tents in Maidan Nzaleznosti (Independence Square) and began a hunger strike on October 2, 1990. Initially, there were 2,000 strikers and between 150-200 hunger strikers. On the 15th, 50,000 students demonstrated and announced the demands on television. Students seized the University building and continued to march to other schools and factories in Kyiv. The students were joined by workers of the Arsenal factory, who were famous for their work leading the Marxist-Bolshevik Revolution.
Outcomes: After two weeks, on October 17, the government agreed to restrict military services to Ukraine and to get rid of the Union-State Treaty with the Soviets. Eventually, months later, the Prime Minister resigned and multi-party elections were allowed. This was part of a larger campaign for an independent and democratic Ukraine.

PRIMARY STRUGGLE/GOAL

Pro-Democracy

DA TACTICS USED

Hunger strike

CASE NARRATIVE WRITER

SUCCESS METRICS

10 / 12

(CONC) Concessions were made

(EREP) Dilemma action got replicated by other movements

(MC) Media Coverage

(MSYMP) Media coverage was sympathetic to the activists

(PS) Dilemma action built sympathy with the public

(PUN) Punishment favored the activists

(REFR) Dilemma action reframed the narrative of the opponent

(RF) Dilemma action reduced fear and/or apathy among the activists

(SA) Dilemma action appealed to a broad segment of the public

Artivism

PART OF A LARGER CAMPAIGN

3 / 3

Activist group continued working together after the action

Encouraged more participants to join the movement

Internally replicated by the same movement

RESOURCES

Project documentation

Dilemma Actions Coding Guidebook

Case study documentation

Dilemma_Actions_Analysis_Dataset

CC BY 4.0 Deed, Attribution 4.0 International

SOURCES

Pyo, Yein. 2012. “Ukrainian students hunger strike and protest against government, 1990,” Global Nonviolent Action Database. Retrieved July 21, 2023. (https://nvdatabase.swarthmore.edu/content/ukrainian-students-hunger-strike-and-protest-against-government-1990-0).

Nikolayenko, Olena. 2021. “Mapping Support for a Revolution: Evidence from Ukraine,” International Journal of Sociology, Retrieved July 21, 2023. (https://doi.org/10.1080/00207659.2020.1835235).


Sergei Tsikora. 1990. “ANXIOUS DAYS IN KIEV,” Current Digest of the Russian Press, Retrieved July 21, 2023. (https://dlib-eastview-com.ezproxy.library.tufts.edu/browse/doc/13611121).


https://www-jstor-org.ezproxy.library.tufts.edu/stable/20700623?seq=2#metadata_info_tab_contents. Accessed April 15, 2022.

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