Dec 14, 1982-1982
Australia
Tasmanian Wilderness Society Blocks Dam Construction (Franklin River Campaign)
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ACTIVISTS/ACT.GROUPS/DESCRIPTION OF THE GROUP
David Bellamy (Famous Botanist and Author); Claudio Alcorso (Hobart Millionaire); Bob Brown; The Wilderness Society; Bob Hawke (Labour Party Leader); Dr. Norm Sanders (Democrat MHA)
TARGET
Hydro-Electric Commission, Government of Tasmania (Under Premier Robin Gray)
WIDELY HELD BELIEF
Government should not destroy forests to have constructions.
CASE NARRATIVE
Issue and opponent: In 1976, the Hydro-Electric Commission of Tasmania solidified its plans with the Australian government to build a dam across the Franklin and Gordon Wild Rivers National Park. The Tasmanian Wilderness Society formed not long after this announcement to take action against the Hydro-Electric Commission and their plans to bulldoze the surrounding wilderness for the construction of the dam. Dilemma Action: On December 14, 1982, 2,500 people converged at the dam site to participate in a blockade. They made a human chain through the forest to prevent construction workers from entering the site. Protesters also blockaded by water on canoes to prevent police from bringing machinery into the site by a barge. These blockaders maintained morale and enthusiasm through the use of the song. Protesters developed songs throughout the campaign that were regularly sung during rallies, marches, in jail, and at the blockade site. Outcomes: Police arrested 1,440 people. David Bellamy and Claudio Alcorso (a Hobart Millionaire) were arrested. Eventually, the campaign was successful. The Franklin River campaign largely ended the generation of electricity through hydro dams in Australia. The federal government demanded that the Tasmanian government give a compensation package of $270 million to the Wilderness Society. This dilemma action is part of a larger campaign.
PRIMARY STRUGGLE/GOAL
NONVIOLENT TACTICS USED
DA TACTICS USED
Nonviolent obstruction
CASE NARRATIVE WRITER
SUCCESS METRICS
10 / 12
(CONC) Concessions were made
(EREP) Dilemma action got replicated by other movements
(MC) Media Coverage
(MSYMP) Media coverage was sympathetic to the activists
(OR) Opponent response
(PUN) Punishment favored the activists
(REFR) Dilemma action reframed the narrative of the opponent
(RF) Dilemma action reduced fear and/or apathy among the activists
(SA) Dilemma action appealed to a broad segment of the public
Artivism
PART OF A LARGER CAMPAIGN
3 / 3
Activist group continued working together after the action
Encouraged more participants to join the movement
Internally replicated by the same movement
RESOURCES
Project documentation
Dilemma Actions Coding Guidebook
Case study documentation
Dilemma_Actions_Analysis_Dataset
SOURCES
Phillips, Sara. 1982. “Conservationists Blockade Dam Construction on the Franklin River,” ABC. Retrieved July 20, 2023. (https://www.abc.net.au/archives/80days/stories/2012/01/19/3411644.htm)
Stobbe Reimer, Asha Miriam. “Tasmanian Wilderness Society blocks dam construction (Franklin River Campaign) 1981-83,” Global Nonviolent Action Database. Retreived July 20, 2023. (https://nvdatabase.swarthmore.edu/content/tasmanian-wilderness-society-blocks-dam-construction-franklin-river-campaign-1981-83).
Philpott, Carolyn. 2014. “Sacrificing a Symphony: Malcolm Williamson’s Protest Against the Franklin Dam and the Implications for the World’s First ‘Transcontinental’ Symphony,” Social Alternatives. Retrieved July 20, 2023.
McGaurr, Lyn, & Tranter, Bruce & Lester, Libby. 2014. “Wilderness and the Media Politics of Place Branding,” Taylor & Francis Online, May 28. Retrieved July 20, 2023. (https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/17524032.2014.919947).
Bartel, Robyn & Harris, Stephen. 2020. “Rethinking Wilderness and the Wild: Conflict, Conservation and Co-Existence,” Taylor and Francis, Retrieved July 20, 2023.
Clark, Martin. 2015. “Experiences of Coming to Law: An Interview with Bob Brown on the Tasmanian Wilderness Society as Client in the Tasmanian Dam Case.” University of Tasmania. Retrieved July 20, 2020. (https://figshare.utas.edu.au/articles/journal_contribution/Experiences_of_coming_to_law_an_interview_with_Bob_Brown_on_the_Tasmanian_wilderness_society_as_client_in_the_Tasmanian_Dam_Case/22991546).
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